Rhys asked for us to install Tkinter for Python2.7. [Remember, that Python2.6 is the default Python on Tempest because it’s what RHEL comes with, but most users are using Python 2.7.] Here’s the current behavior:
[anderson@tempest ~] python2.6 Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Nov 21 2013, 10:50:32) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> from Tkinter import * >>> [anderson@tempest ~] python2.7 Python 2.7 (r27:82500, Sep 20 2012, 17:09:01) [GCC 4.4.6 20120305 (Red Hat 4.4.6-4)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> from Tkinter import * Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 39, in <module> import _tkinter # If this fails your Python may not be configured for Tk ImportError: No module named _tkinter >>>
Which is obviously no good. This seemed pretty straightforward, since the fact that it works for Python2.6 suggests that I have all the necessary .so files and such. However, I couldn’t find any pre-compiled binaries for Python2.7 for RHEL6/CentOS6. I tried compiling Python for myself, just like I did last August (https://blogs.wellesley.edu/cssysadmin/2012/08/29/python-2-7/ However, that resulted in exactly the same ImportError.
Here’s the best of the “how to compile Python” info pages that I found. However, I tried one more time, but this time, I discovered a comment that explained that I have to install tk-devel. That, however, is a piece of cake.
# yum -y install tk-devel
To avoid any issue with over-writing the existing Python2.7, which is installed in /usr/local/, I installed the new, improved, Python2.7 in /opt:
# wget http://python.org/ftp/python/2.7.6/Python-2.7.6.tar.xz # tar xf Python-2.7.6.tar.xz # cd Python-2.7.6 # ./configure --prefix=/opt --enable-unicode=ucs4 --enable-shared LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath /opt/lib" # make && make altinstall
The first time I tried that, it failed miserably:
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking for --enable-universalsdk... no checking for --with-universal-archs... 32-bit checking MACHDEP... linux2 checking EXTRAPLATDIR... checking for --without-gcc... no checking for gcc... gcc checking whether the C compiler works... no configure: error: in `/var/tmp/install-python2.7/Python-2.7.6': configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables See `config.log' for more details
It turned out that the trouble was that there wasn’t a /opt/lib directory. Doing a “mkdir /opt/lib” and re-doing the config command worked perfectly, as did the “make” and “make altinstall”
So, now we have:
Python 2.7.6 (default, Mar 24 2014, 13:29:51) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> from Tkinter import * >>>
But, we also need to make sure that the new Python2.7 has all the libraries that the old Python2.7 had.
I learned that Pip can tell you the libraries it has loaded:
# /usr/local/bin/pip-2.7 freeze CouchDB==0.9 MySQL-python==1.2.4b5 Orange==2.5a4 anyjson==0.3.3 beautifulsoup4==4.3.2 biopython==1.63 couchdbkit==0.6.5 dumptruck==0.1.5 gensim==0.8.6 numpy=1.6.2 scikit-learn=0.12.1 ...
Compare to:
# /opt/bin/pip2.7 freeze wsgiref==0.1.2
We can dump the former into a file and use it to set up the new Python:
# umask 0002 # /opt/bin/pip2.7 freeze wsgiref==0.1.2 # rm old-py2.7-modules # /usr/local/bin/pip-2.7 freeze > old-py2.7-modules # /opt/bin/pip2.7 install -r old-py2.7-modules Downloading/unpacking CouchDB==0.9 (from -r old-py2.7-modules (line 1)) Downloading CouchDB-0.9.tar.gz (55kB): 55kB downloaded Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/CouchDB/setup.py) egg_info for package CouchDB Downloading/unpacking MySQL-python==1.2.4b5 (from -r old-py2.7-modules (line 2)) Downloading MySQL-python-1.2.4b5.tar.gz (82kB): 82kB downloaded ...
Well, that *mostly* worked. We ran into trouble after a while:
Downloading/unpacking scikit-learn==0.12.1 (from -r old-py2.7-modules (line 27))
Downloading scikit-learn-0.12.1.tar.gz (3.0MB): 3.0MB downloaded
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/scikit-learn/setup.py) egg_info for package scikit-learn
Partial import of sklearn during the build process.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 17, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip_build_root/scikit-learn/setup.py", line 36, in <module>
from numpy.distutils.core import setup
ImportError: No module named numpy.distutils.core
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
Partial import of sklearn during the build process.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 17, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip_build_root/scikit-learn/setup.py", line 36, in <module>
from numpy.distutils.core import setup
ImportError: No module named numpy.distutils.core
----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_root/scikit-learn
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/opt/bin/pip2.7", line 9, in <module>
load_entry_point('pip==1.5.4', 'console_scripts', 'pip2.7')()
File "/opt/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-1.5.4-py2.7.egg/pip/__init__.py", line 185, in main
return command.main(cmd_args)
File "/opt/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-1.5.4-py2.7.egg/pip/basecommand.py", line 161, in main
text = '\n'.join(complete_log)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe2 in position 70: ordinal not in range(128)
How much got installed? Let’s see:
# /opt/bin/pip2.7 freeze wsgiref==0.1.2
Well, that stinks! Is it all or nothing? The error output suggests that there may be a dependency on numpy, so let’s install that first:
# /opt/bin/pip2.7 install numpy # /opt/bin/pip2.7 freeze numpy==1.8.0 wsgiref==0.1.2
Okay, and I notice that the version is newer than the numpy in the old Python2.7. So, this will be annoying and tedious, but I guess I may have to install things by hand. One more try:
# /usr/local/bin/pip-2.7 freeze | cut -d= -f1 | grep -v numpy > old-py2.7-module-names # /opt/bin/pip2.7 install -r old-py2.7-module-names
Wait a *long* time, and it succeeds!
# diff old-py2.7-module-names new-py2.7-module-names 15a16 > numpy 26a28 > scipy
Woo hoo!
Note that pip can be used to upgrade Python packages.
